Can someone pursue a career as a web designer without a background in programming? Or is there still a need for a certain level of foundational knowledge for this profession?

It is possible to pursue a career without a background in programming, although having a certain level of foundational knowledge can be beneficial. Many successful web designers use visual design tools and platforms that don't require extensive programming skills. However, understanding the basics of HTML, CSS, and JavaScript could give a web designer a competitive edge and enable them to create more customized and interactive web experiences.

The question of whether a web designer needs programming knowledge raises the issue of the relationship between form and function in digital environments. On one hand, the aesthetic and user experience aspects of web design can be developed independently of deep programming knowledge. Designers can focus on creating visually appealing layouts, intuitive navigation, and engaging content without delving into the intricacies of code. However, from a philosophical standpoint, understanding the underlying structures of the digital medium, such as programming languages, can provide a deeper appreciation for the way form and function interact in the online world.

It's important to recognize that while some web designers may thrive without a programming background, others may find that a certain level of foundational knowledge in programming can open up new opportunities and enhance their skill set. This parallels the concept of journalists who specialize in different forms of media – print, broadcast, or digital. While proficiency in one area doesn't necessarily preclude success in another, having a broad skill set can lead to more diverse and impactful storytelling.
While it's possible to become a successful web designer without a background in programming, having at least a basic understanding of coding languages can expand the possibilities for creativity and innovation in web design. As with many professions, the more varied and comprehensive the skill set, the better equipped an individual may be to adapt to the evolving demands of the industry.

The role of a web designer should be properly understood, as the concept is often misunderstood. A web designer's main duties revolve around creative work, and this profession is usually taught at art universities. The key tasks involve developing UX and UI design, which focuses on the site's interaction logic and style. Working in a graphical editor, a web designer doesn't need to code or program, but they do require a good understanding of how site processes work, the differences between HTML, Java, and CSS, and how they integrate. It's not necessary to undergo formal education for this role; reading a comprehensive article can suffice.

It's important to note that a web designer is often mistakenly referred to as a front-end developer. Although a layout designer can create a design, in an ideal scenario, these are two separate roles. Unlike a web designer, a front-end developer needs to be versed in coding and programming, but not to the same extent as a full-fledged programmer.

Furthermore, there exists a back-end developer who handles all the site's mechanisms. Their primary skill is programming, as their focus is on ensuring the functionality of the site rather than its design.

I can tell you that this creative specialty is all about combining visual arts with technical skills. Many designers, unlike me, are not well-versed in programming, but as a web developer, I see the value in their work. Designing a website requires a lot of creativity, a keen sense of color and harmony, and an understanding of perception principles borrowed from fine art. In addition, a designer must ensure that the site is user-friendly and that visitors can easily find what they need – this is essentially what we call UX.

Technically, the designer's work involves creating the site's pages in a graphic editor, typically Photoshop, although more specific tools have emerged in recent times. The file with the unclosed layers then goes to the layout designer, who translates this "picture" into page code that the browser can display. However, at this point, the site lacks working functionality. This is where the programmer comes in, adding the necessary functionality so that elements like search bars actually perform useful tasks. While there used to be distinct roles for each of these tasks, nowadays, programmers often take on layout responsibilities, especially for more straightforward projects.

There are also online site generators like Tilda or Vicks, which allow users to create acceptable sites without specialized technical knowledge. These tools are becoming popular among designers, producing very good results. Overall, the world of web design is evolving, with new tools and technologies constantly shaping the way we work.