According to an article by Google researchers on arXiv, Google has developed a quantum computer that can perform calculations in 6.7 seconds, a task that would take the most advanced classical supercomputer 47 years to complete.



This quantum computer is considered to surpass the capabilities of existing classical supercomputers, as stated in the article "Phase Transition in Random Chain Sampling" signed by over 150 Google employees.

In 2019, Google claimed to have achieved "quantum superiority" with a 53-qubit quantum supercomputer that could perform calculations in 200 seconds, a task that would take an IBM supercomputer 10,000 years. However, this claim was disputed by competitors who argued that Google was exaggerating the difference between their machine and traditional supercomputers.

Google's latest development features a next-generation supercomputer with 70 qubits, making it 241 million times more productive than its 2019 device due to the exponential increase in performance with added qubits. The publication also demonstrates how this new quantum computer can handle "noise," which can disrupt the fragile states of qubits during calculations.

Steve Brierly, executive director of quantum company Riverlane, regards this achievement as an important milestone, stating that the debate regarding quantum supremacy has now been resolved. It is worth mentioning that current quantum computers are still in the prototype stage, requiring extreme working conditions to maintain stability and minimize errors.

Google's super-powerful quantum computer, known as Sycamore, has indeed made significant strides in the field of quantum computing. It achieved a remarkable milestone by performing a calculation that would take even the most advanced classical computers thousands of years to complete.

This breakthrough, known as quantum supremacy, demonstrates the potential of quantum computers to solve complex problems at an unprecedented speed. In this particular instance, Sycamore solved a computational problem in just 200 seconds that would have taken the most powerful classical computers approximately 10,000 years to solve.

Quantum computers harness the principles of quantum mechanics to perform computations using quantum bits, or qubits, which can exist in multiple states simultaneously. This enables them to process information exponentially faster than classical computers, which rely on bits that can only represent a 0 or a 1.

The achievement of quantum supremacy has opened up new possibilities for solving complex problems in various fields, such as cryptography, optimization, and simulation. It could lead to breakthroughs in drug discovery, materials science, and optimization of logistics and supply chains.

However, it's important to note that despite this significant achievement, quantum computers are still in their early stages of development. They face challenges such as improving qubit stability, minimizing errors, and scaling up the number of qubits to tackle more complex problems. Additionally, many practical applications of quantum computing are still being explored, and it will likely be some time before they become widely accessible and practical for everyday use.

Nonetheless, Google's breakthrough with the Sycamore quantum computer marks a significant step forward in the development of this powerful technology, highlighting its immense potential for solving previously intractable problems and pushing the boundaries of computation.


details about Google's Sycamore quantum computer:

Sycamore is designed using superconducting qubits, which are tiny circuits that can store and manipulate quantum information. It consists of 53 qubits working together to perform computations.

To achieve quantum supremacy, Google engineers carefully crafted a quantum algorithm called a random circuit sampling problem. This algorithm involved generating a sequence of random quantum gates and measuring the output of the qubits to solve a specific computational problem.

The calculation that Sycamore performed for the quantum supremacy milestone was designed to demonstrate that a quantum computer can solve a problem that is practically impossible for classical computers to solve within a reasonable time frame.

While Google's achievement is groundbreaking, it should be noted that quantum supremacy is not the end-all-be-all for quantum computing. It simply means that a quantum computer has outperformed classical computers in a specific task. Further advancements and improvements are necessary before quantum computers can be widely applicable to a range of real-world problems.

Google's breakthrough has undoubtedly sparked increased interest and investment in quantum computing research. Many other companies, as well as academic institutions, are also working on developing their own quantum computers and algorithms to tackle various challenges.


interesting facts about Google's Sycamore quantum computer:

- The Sycamore quantum computer operates at extremely low temperatures, near absolute zero, to maintain the stability of its qubits. This temperature is necessary for reducing the effects of noise and maintaining the delicate quantum state of the qubits.

- The computational problem that Sycamore solved for quantum supremacy has no practical applications or real-world significance. It was specifically designed to demonstrate the superiority of quantum computers over classical computers in terms of computation speed.

- Sycamore's achievement of quantum supremacy was met with some skepticism and debate within the scientific community. Some researchers argue that the calculation performed by Sycamore could be optimized on classical computers, reducing the gap between quantum and classical capabilities. However, Google stands by their findings and believes that the demonstration was a significant milestone.

- The progress made with Sycamore highlights the importance of error correction in quantum computing. Currently, error rates and noise remain major challenges in scaling up quantum computers. Developing error-correction techniques is crucial to improving the reliability and robustness of these systems.

- Google has been actively working on developing quantum technologies through its Quantum AI division. In addition to building quantum hardware, they are also focused on developing quantum algorithms and applications, as well as exploring quantum simulations for solving complex scientific problems.

- Quantum computing is a rapidly evolving field, and many other companies, including IBM, Microsoft, and startups like Rigetti Computing, are also investing in quantum research and development. This competition is expected to drive further advancements and breakthroughs in the field.

- Quantum computing is not intended to replace classical computing entirely. It is seen as a complementary technology that can solve certain types of problems more efficiently. Classical computers will continue to play a crucial role in everyday computing tasks while quantum computers tackle specialized problems.

- In addition to achieving quantum supremacy, researchers at Google have been working on further improving the capabilities of Sycamore. They have been experimenting with error correction techniques and investigating ways to reduce noise in the system. These efforts are aimed at enhancing the reliability and scalability of quantum computers.

- Google has also been exploring applications for quantum computing beyond random circuit sampling. They have worked on quantum chemistry simulations, optimization problems, and machine learning tasks. These applications could potentially benefit from the unique computational abilities of quantum computers.

- Quantum computing is a highly collaborative field, with researchers across academia and industry working together to advance the technology. Apart from Google, other major technology companies like IBM, Microsoft, and Intel, as well as research institutions, are actively involved in quantum research and development.

- The development of quantum computers is not limited to superconducting qubits like those used in Sycamore. Other approaches, such as trapped ion qubits and topological qubits, are being pursued by various research groups. Each approach has its own advantages and challenges, and it remains an exciting area of exploration.

- The long-term goal of quantum computing is to build large-scale, fault-tolerant quantum computers that can solve problems beyond the reach of classical computers. Achieving this involves not only technological advancements but also theoretical breakthroughs in areas such as error correction, qubit coherence, and quantum algorithms.

- While quantum computers are still in their early stages, there is growing interest and investment in the field from both the public and private sectors. Governments, companies, and researchers are recognizing the potential of quantum computing and its impact on various industries, leading to increased funding and collaboration.


- Following the achievement of quantum supremacy in 2019, Google has continued to push the boundaries of quantum computing. They have been working on improving the stability and performance of their quantum hardware, aiming for higher qubit counts and lower error rates.

- In late 2020, Google researchers published a paper in the journal Nature detailing their experiments with error correction on the Sycamore processor. They demonstrated a method called "surface code" that can detect and correct errors that occur during quantum computations, bringing us closer to reliable and fault-tolerant quantum computers.

- Google has also launched the Quantum Computing Service, allowing external researchers and developers to access their quantum processors through the cloud. This initiative aims to accelerate the development of quantum algorithms and applications by providing a broader community with access to quantum hardware.

- Alongside hardware advancements, Google is actively involved in quantum software development. They have been developing the Cirq framework, an open-source software library for writing quantum algorithms. Cirq allows researchers and developers to experiment with quantum algorithms and explore the potential of quantum computing.

- Quantum machine learning is an area of particular interest for Google. They are exploring ways to leverage the unique properties of quantum computation to enhance machine learning models and algorithms. Quantum machine learning has the potential to outperform classical approaches in certain domains and tasks.

- Google is also involved in building a quantum ecosystem by collaborating with academic institutions, industry partners, and startups. They are part of several international collaborations and initiatives aimed at advancing quantum computing and its applications.

- Quantum computing remains a highly complex and challenging field, with many open questions and technical hurdles to address. However, the progress made by Google and other players in the industry is fueling optimism and excitement about the future of quantum computing.

- Google's Sycamore quantum processor consists of a two-dimensional array of qubits, with each qubit represented by a superconducting circuit. These qubits are highly sensitive and require extremely low temperatures to maintain their fragile quantum states.

- In recent years, Google has been working on improving the coherence time of their qubits. Coherence time refers to how long a qubit can maintain its quantum state before it becomes susceptible to errors. Enhancing coherence time is crucial for reducing errors in quantum computations and increasing the accuracy of results.

- Google's Quantum AI team has been actively collaborating with external researchers to advance the field of quantum computing. They have published research papers, participated in conferences, and engaged in partnerships with universities and research institutions worldwide.

- Google, along with other tech giants like IBM and Microsoft, is actively involved in the development of quantum computing standards. Establishing standards will ensure interoperability and facilitate collaboration among different quantum hardware and software platforms.

- Quantum supremacy, achieved by Google's Sycamore processor, has sparked a race among various players in the field to reach similar milestones. This competition has led to increased progress and innovation across the quantum computing community.

- Google continues to work toward building larger and more reliable quantum systems. They are exploring ways to increase the number of qubits, improve qubit connectivity, and reduce the impact of noise and errors in quantum computations.

- Quantum computing is an interdisciplinary field that combines physics, computer science, and engineering. Google's efforts in quantum computing involve teams of experts from these diverse disciplines, working together to tackle the unique challenges of quantum technology.

- Quantum computers are being developed not only by industry leaders like Google but also by startups and research institutions around the world. This global collaboration and competition are driving rapid advancements in the field.

- Google continues to focus on improving the performance and reliability of its quantum hardware. They have been working on reducing errors in their qubits by developing better error correction codes, implementing new qubit designs, and optimizing the control systems.

- In 2020, Google announced that they had achieved "quantum supremacy" with the Sycamore processor, but there is ongoing debate and research on the exact definition and significance of this milestone. Some researchers argue that the term "quantum advantage" is more appropriate, as it signifies the practical usefulness of a quantum computer for specific applications.

- Quantum algorithms are another area of active research for Google. They have been exploring algorithms that can take advantage of the unique properties of quantum computers, such as Shor's algorithm for factoring large numbers and Grover's algorithm for database search.

- Google's Quantum AI team has also been working on developing quantum simulation capabilities. Quantum simulators can simulate the behavior of quantum systems, helping researchers understand complex quantum phenomena and test algorithms before running them on actual quantum hardware.

- As quantum computing progresses, so does the need for a quantum workforce. Google has launched educational initiatives and collaborations with universities to train future generations of quantum scientists and engineers. They also offer internships and research opportunities in quantum computing to nurture talent in the field.

- Quantum computing is not limited to a single approach or technology. Google is also exploring alternatives to superconducting qubits, such as topological qubits, which offer inherent error resistance. This exploratory work aims to identify the most promising approaches for building scalable, fault-tolerant quantum computers.

- Google, along with other companies and research institutions, is actively involved in standardization efforts for quantum communication and quantum networking. Establishing standards will facilitate the integration and interoperability of different quantum computing systems.

- Google has been working on increasing the computational power of their quantum processors by scaling up the number of qubits. They have made progress in developing chips with 72 qubits, known as Bristlecone, and are continuing to explore even larger qubit arrays.

- Beyond hardware advancements, Google is focused on advancing quantum software and algorithms. They have been exploring applications in various fields, including chemistry, optimization, finance, and machine learning. Quantum machine learning, in particular, has gained attention as a promising area for quantum computers to excel in certain tasks.

- To encourage collaboration and accelerate progress in quantum computing, Google hosts events like the Quantum Spring Symposium, bringing together researchers, academics, and industry professionals to discuss the latest developments in the field.

- Google has also made efforts to make quantum computing accessible to a wider audience through initiatives like the Quantum AI Quantum Playground and the Quantum Summer Symposium. These platforms provide educational resources, tutorials, and interactive experiences to help people learn about quantum computing and develop quantum algorithms.

- Quantum supremacy achieved by Google's Sycamore quantum computer has sparked interest and investment in quantum technologies worldwide. Governments and industries have increased funding for quantum research, leading to the establishment of quantum research centers and collaborations globally.

- Google's Quantum AI team continues to collaborate with external researchers through its Quantum AI External Collaboration program. This program enables researchers from around the world to access Google's quantum processors and contribute to advancing the field.

- Quantum computing is still in the early stages, and there are ongoing challenges to address, such as error correction, noise reduction, and improving qubit coherence. However, the progress made by Google and other companies in recent years indicates that quantum computing is steadily moving closer to practical applications and real-world impact.


- Google's Sycamore quantum computer represents one approach to quantum computing known as superconducting qubits. However, there are other competing technologies being explored, such as trapped ions, topological qubits, and photonics-based qubits. These alternative approaches have their own advantages and challenges, and research is ongoing to determine which technologies will ultimately prove most viable.

- In addition to hardware advancements, Google is actively working on developing new quantum algorithms and software tools. They are exploring ways to adapt classical algorithms to quantum computers and developing novel quantum algorithms specifically designed for quantum systems.

- Quantum error correction is a critical challenge in quantum computing. Researchers at Google and elsewhere are studying techniques for detecting and correcting errors that occur during quantum computations. These error correction codes help increase the reliability and stability of quantum computers, paving the way for larger-scale and more powerful quantum systems.

- Google has been engaging in collaborations and partnerships to further advance quantum computing. They have partnered with academic institutions, including the Quantum AI campus at the University of California, Santa Barbara, to foster collaboration and bring together expertise from different domains.

- Quantum supremacy achieved by Google's Sycamore quantum computer has sparked interest and debate within the scientific community. Researchers are actively studying and investigating the results to understand the implications and potential limitations of this achievement.

- As quantum computing progresses, there is growing interest in the field of post-quantum cryptography. Post-quantum cryptography aims to develop cryptographic algorithms that remain secure even in the presence of powerful quantum computers. Google, along with other organizations, is involved in researching and developing post-quantum cryptographic solutions.

- Quantum computing is a global effort, with advancements being made by various companies, research institutions, and governments worldwide. Collaboration and knowledge-sharing among these stakeholders are key to driving progress and realizing the full potential of quantum computing.