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Understanding Virtualization Technologies for Web Hosting

Started by jeromebunker, Oct 13, 2022, 07:58 AM

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jeromebunkerTopic starter

Perhaps you have your own website or are thinking about starting your own project. However, choosing the best web hosting isn't easy and it can be difficult to understand why hosting provider prices vary so much. By using King Servers as an example, we can help you understand what hosting is and which type of hosting is right for you.



Here are the main types of hosting:
Virtual hosting

This is a good option for simple websites with basic structures, such as business card sites without databases. Virtual hosting is cheap, but has many disadvantages such as a limited amount of file space and RAM, and a simplified website control panel. File space and RAM are shared by all sites on the hosting, so if one site starts consuming more resources it can affect all the others.

King Servers does not offer virtual hosting services, instead focusing on more professional and reliable solutions.
Virtual Private Server (VPS)

This type of hosting assigns a certain amount of processor time, file space and RAM to each client. Essentially, it's leasing a part of the server. An operating system (such as Linux or Windows) is installed on the virtual private server and the client manages the server themselves or with the help of hosting support.

King Servers offers various virtual private server configurations which can be afforded by almost any user, making them an economical option. Advantages include independence from resource consumption of other sites on the server and the ability to administer the hosting yourself (if you have the qualifications). The server can also be changed to a more powerful one if necessary, but it's recommended to consult with the support service before making any changes.

The server characteristics can be set independently by selecting the configuration you need.
Dedicated server

With a dedicated server, the user gets a physical server, which means that the site's correct operation is supported by all server resources. Dedicated servers are necessary for large websites and resource-demanding internet services with high traffic. The client controls the server independently or with the help of the support service.

Some web hosting companies, like King Servers, can create an individual server configuration at the client's request. This is highly appreciated in the industry, as not all hosting providers offer this service. Servers can be prepared for operation within an hour or faster, but an individual configuration can take from 2 hours to 7 days, depending on the complexity of the order. The client controls their server using a special management system.

For particularly resource-intensive sites, very powerful servers or even server systems may be needed.

Hosting placement

In addition to the type of hosting, it's important to pay attention to the reliability of the data center where the hosting provider's equipment is located. If the data center is unreliable, then the sites hosted there may work unstable.

There is a well-established classification system of data centers according to the Uptime Institute version, which evaluates a data center's infrastructure for compliance with standards. Data centers are divided into 4 classes according to this classification system.

Tier I data centers are the least reliable, as they have minimal backup equipment and any breakdown can cause failure in a large number of systems. Work in Tier I data centers is carried out with a complete server shutdown, making sites unavailable during downtime. Tier II data centers have backup systems but are built for speed rather than security, so they may not be suitable for services that require real-time operations.

Tier III and Tier IV data centers meet higher reliability and security requirements, with equipment working at maximum capacity and shutdowns only occurring in critical situations. Work continues uninterrupted due to the presence of duplicate systems, making Tier IV data centers the most reliable. King Servers places its equipment in Tier III data centers for maximum uptime.

Virtualization technologies such as Virtuozzo and OpenVZ used in low-cost hosting types may have the disadvantage of fuzzy differentiation of resources, leading to server crashes if virtual machines exceed server capabilities. Xen, KVM, VMware, and Hyper-V are more reliable virtualization tools that guarantee a certain amount of resources for each user, and King Servers uses Xen technology to ensure users receive their declared resources without overpayments.

Technical support is crucial and King Servers boasts a professional team of specialists who minimize response time to customer requests and monitor servers 24/7. In terms of network infrastructure, good hosting providers should have deployed infrastructures with fast communication channels and connectivity with other networks.
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fizzer

Once or twice a year over the past 5 years, we have encountered several problems such as both screws dying on the raid and having to restore the site from external backups, which led us to the development of a backup system. Additionally, server breakdowns occurred, requiring a weekend support which cost 100 euros per day, as well as server blocking due to ddos attacks.

We hope that by sharing our experiences, you can avoid these problems. Finally, we would like to express our gratitude to our experienced admins, whom we will highlight in an upcoming topic.
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microsoftcygnet

When I turned to this hosting provider with a question, I quickly realized that they were not providing helpful support. They closed my ticket after just 2 minutes without offering any real solutions. When I followed up a week later, I was given excuses and told to wait due to the main office, but then my ticket simply disappeared. I have never experienced such terrible support from a hosting provider before, and it is clear they are not a serious or promising company.

For those seeking stability, I do not recommend working with this hosting provider. It is better to look elsewhere for reliable and responsive support.
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sigma-sem

At first glance, it may seem that all providers offer comparable packages in terms of memory, CPU, disk space, and price, but practice shows that this isn't always the case. For example, when attempting to create a low-cost wine server on a 512 Mb VPS with 1 CPU, Windows Server 2016 was installed which caused major system glitches, making remote desktop use nearly impossible.

While the same VPS was deployed on another familiar provider, with similar results, a free option in a "third" foreign language provided the best performance with normal responsiveness of the interface. This experience taught me that the selection of a VPS provider is not as simple as choosing between seemingly identical packages. For those looking to save money, it is important to test different providers and package options, deploying identical software kits for a few days to determine the best fit.
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Fleck

Virtualization technologies play a crucial role in web hosting by allowing multiple virtual machines (VMs) to run on a single physical server. This enables hosting providers to efficiently utilize their resources, offer different hosting plans, and isolate each customer's environment.

Here are some popular virtualization technologies used in web hosting:

1. Virtuozzo/OpenVZ: These container-based virtualization technologies provide a lightweight and cost-effective solution. They allow for the creation of isolated containers or virtual environments on a shared operating system kernel. However, resource allocation and isolation can be less strict compared to other virtualization technologies, which may result in potential performance and security concerns.

2. Xen: Xen is a type-1 hypervisor that provides excellent isolation and performance for virtual machines. It offers full virtualization, which means each VM runs its own isolated instance of the operating system. This allows for more granular control over resource allocation and better security. King Servers utilizes Xen technology to ensure consistent resource allocation and prevent server crashes.

3. KVM: Kernel-based Virtual Machine (KVM) is another popular virtualization technology. It is also a type-1 hypervisor that offers full virtualization. KVM leverages the Linux kernel to create and manage virtual machines. It provides strong performance and security features, making it a reliable choice for web hosting.

4. VMware: VMware is a leading virtualization technology provider that offers both type-1 and type-2 hypervisors. Their flagship product, ESXi, is a type-1 hypervisor known for its robustness and enterprise-grade features. VMware virtualization is widely used in the industry, providing excellent performance, scalability, and management capabilities.

5. Hyper-V: Hyper-V is Microsoft's virtualization technology and is widely used for Windows-based hosting environments. It is a type-1 hypervisor that allows for the creation and management of virtual machines on Windows servers. Hyper-V provides strong performance and integration with other Microsoft technologies.

6. Docker: Docker is a containerization platform that allows applications to be packaged into lightweight, portable containers. It uses operating system-level virtualization, which enables efficient resource utilization and fast application deployment. Docker is popular for its ease of use, scalability, and the ability to quickly spin up and manage multiple containerized applications.

7. LXC/LXD: LXC (Linux Containers) is an operating system-level virtualization technique that provides lightweight and isolated environments on a Linux host. LXD is a system container manager that enhances the capabilities of LXC, providing a more user-friendly interface and improved management features. LXC/LXD is known for its performance, low overhead, and fast provisioning times.

8. Proxmox VE: Proxmox Virtual Environment (VE) is an open-source server virtualization platform that combines KVM and container-based virtualization. It offers a complete solution for managing virtual machines, containers, storage, and networking in a single, integrated interface. Proxmox VE is widely used in data centers and for cloud hosting due to its flexibility, scalability, and enterprise-grade features.

9. AWS EC2: Amazon Web Services (AWS) Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) is a highly scalable and flexible cloud computing platform that uses Xen-based virtualization. It allows users to easily provision and manage virtual machines in the AWS infrastructure. EC2 offers a wide range of instance types with varying compute, memory, and storage capacities to cater to different hosting needs.

10. Google Cloud Compute Engine: Google Cloud Compute Engine is another popular cloud computing platform that uses KVM-based virtualization. It provides flexible and scalable virtual machine instances with various configuration options. Google Cloud Compute Engine integrates well with other Google Cloud services and provides global coverage with its vast network of data centers.

11. Microsoft Hyper-V: Hyper-V is a type-1 hypervisor developed by Microsoft for Windows-based hosting environments. It allows for the creation and management of virtual machines on Windows servers. Hyper-V provides strong performance, scalability, and integration with other Microsoft technologies, making it a popular choice.

12. OpenStack: OpenStack is an open-source cloud computing platform that provides infrastructure as a service (IaaS). It offers a range of virtualization options, including KVM, Xen, and Hyper-V. OpenStack allows for the creation and management of virtual machines, networking, storage, and more, making it a comprehensive solution for building private or public clouds.

13. Oracle VM VirtualBox: VirtualBox is a type-2 hypervisor that allows users to run multiple operating systems simultaneously on a single machine. It is popular for desktop virtualization and development environments. VirtualBox supports a wide range of host operating systems and provides features like snapshotting, shared folders, and seamless window integration.

14. VMware vSphere: vSphere is a suite of virtualization products by VMware that includes ESXi (type-1 hypervisor) and vCenter Server. It provides enterprise-grade virtualization for data centers, offering features like high availability, resource management, and live migration of virtual machines. vSphere is widely used in large-scale hosting environments.

15. Citrix XenServer: XenServer is a leading virtualization platform based on the Xen hypervisor. It offers enterprise-class virtualization features like live migration, high availability, and centralized management. XenServer is known for its performance, scalability, and integration with other Citrix products.

16. Red Hat Virtualization: Red Hat Virtualization (formerly known as Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization) is a KVM-based virtualization solution that provides a robust platform for running virtual machines. It offers features like live migration, high availability, and centralized management. Red Hat Virtualization is popular in enterprise environments.

17. Proxmox VE: Proxmox Virtual Environment (VE) is an open-source server virtualization platform that combines KVM-based virtualization and container-based virtualization. It provides a complete solution for managing virtual machines, containers, storage, and networking in a single, integrated interface. Proxmox VE is known for its flexibility, scalability, and enterprise-grade features.

18. FreeBSD Jails: FreeBSD Jails is an operating system-level virtualization technique used in FreeBSD systems. It allows for the creation of isolated environments called jails, where each jail has its own file system, processes, and networking stack. FreeBSD Jails provide strong security and resource isolation while using minimal overhead.

19. VMware Workstation: VMware Workstation is a type-2 hypervisor designed for desktop virtualization. It allows users to create and run multiple virtual machines on a single host machine. VMware Workstation is popular among developers and IT professionals for testing, development, and running multiple operating systems simultaneously.

20. Linux-VServer: Linux-VServer is an operating system-level virtualization technology that provides lightweight virtualization on Linux systems. It allows for the creation of isolated virtual environments called vservers, where each vserver has its own file system and process space. Linux-VServer provides good performance and resource isolation.

21. Solaris Zones: Solaris Zones, also known as Oracle Solaris Containers, are an operating system-level virtualization solution available in Oracle Solaris. It allows for the creation of multiple isolated zones or containers on a single Solaris instance. Solaris Zones provide efficient resource utilization and strong performance.

22. IBM PowerVM: PowerVM is a virtualization solution provided by IBM for their Power Systems servers. It allows for the partitioning of physical resources into multiple virtual environments, providing workload isolation and better resource utilization. PowerVM is often used in enterprise environments for running AIX, IBM i, and Linux workloads.
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