Hosting providers organize shared web hosting by placing many websites on a single physical server and sharing its resources among multiple customers.

Key components include:

Server Partitioning: Hundreds or thousands of hosting accounts share the same CPU, RAM, storage, and network connection.
Account Isolation: Technologies such as CageFS, CloudLinux, containers, or permissions keep users separated for security and stability.
Control Panels: Tools like cPanel, Plesk, or DirectAdmin allow customers to manage websites, databases, email, and domains.
Resource Limits: Providers set limits on CPU usage, memory, disk space, bandwidth, and processes to prevent one account from affecting others.
Web Server Management: Software such as Apache HTTP Server, Nginx, or LiteSpeed serves web pages for all hosted accounts.
Database and Email Services: Shared servers often run centralized database and mail services that are allocated to individual hosting accounts.
Monitoring and Security: Providers use firewalls, malware scanners, backups, and monitoring systems to maintain performance and security.